The 2028 agenda

The issues that will decide 2028

From the economy and immigration to abortion, healthcare and foreign policy - here are the 20 issues likely to shape the 2028 race, each with a fair, neutral read on how the two parties approach it.

Quick answer

What are the key issues in the 2028 election?

The 2028 presidential race is expected to center on 20 major policy areas: Economy and Inflation, Immigration, Abortion, Healthcare, Taxes, Jobs and Wages, Social Security and Medicare, Guns and Gun Violence, Climate and Energy, Education, Crime and Public Safety, Foreign Policy, Israel and the Middle East, Ukraine and Russia, China and Trade, Tariffs and Trade Policy, Artificial Intelligence, Housing Affordability, Student Debt and Higher Education, Democracy and Elections. The economy and cost of living consistently rank as the top voter concern. Click any issue to see how each party approaches it and which 2028 candidates are most closely associated with it.

All 20 issues

Where the candidates stand

Economy and Inflation

How 2028 candidates plan to manage economic growth, consumer prices, and the cost of living.

Immigration

Border enforcement, legal immigration pathways, and the future of undocumented immigrants already in the U.S.

Abortion

Federal and state abortion policy after the Supreme Court returned the issue to state legislatures in 2022.

Healthcare

Health insurance coverage, drug prices, and the long-running debate over the structure of the American health system.

Taxes

Federal tax policy, including the expiring provisions of the 2017 tax law and disputes over who pays what.

Jobs and Wages

Employment levels, minimum wage, union rights, and the future of work in an era of automation and AI.

Social Security and Medicare

The future solvency and structure of the two largest federal entitlement programs for older Americans.

Guns and Gun Violence

Firearms policy, mass shootings, and the ongoing debate between gun rights and gun safety measures.

Climate and Energy

Climate change policy, the clean energy transition, fossil fuel production, and energy prices.

Education

K-12 school quality, higher education affordability, parental rights, and curriculum debates.

Crime and Public Safety

Violent crime rates, policing reform, criminal justice policy, and the debate over public safety approaches.

Foreign Policy

America's role in the world, alliances, military posture, and how the U.S. engages with adversaries and partners.

Israel and the Middle East

U.S. policy toward Israel, the Palestinian question, and American engagement across the Middle East.

Ukraine and Russia

U.S. support for Ukraine in its war against Russia, NATO obligations, and the long-term U.S.-Russia relationship.

China and Trade

U.S.-China economic and security competition, tariffs, technology decoupling, and the trade deficit.

Tariffs and Trade Policy

The use of tariffs as a tool of economic and foreign policy, and their effects on American consumers and businesses.

Artificial Intelligence

Federal AI policy, the regulation of AI systems, AI's effects on jobs, and the U.S. competitive position in AI.

Housing Affordability

Rising home prices, rental costs, the housing supply shortage, and what the federal government can do about it.

Student Debt and Higher Education

The more than $1.7 trillion in outstanding student loan debt and broader questions about college affordability.

Democracy and Elections

Election integrity, voting access, campaign finance, and the health of democratic institutions.

Common questions

2028 election issues: FAQ

What are the key issues in the 2028 presidential election?
The 2028 race is shaping up around 20 major policy areas: Economy and Inflation, Immigration, Abortion, Healthcare, Taxes, Jobs and Wages, Social Security and Medicare, Guns and Gun Violence, Climate and Energy, Education, Crime and Public Safety, Foreign Policy, Israel and the Middle East, Ukraine and Russia, China and Trade, Tariffs and Trade Policy, Artificial Intelligence, Housing Affordability, Student Debt and Higher Education, Democracy and Elections. Among these, the economy and cost of living consistently rank as the top voter concern. Each issue page includes a neutral read on how each party approaches it.
What will voters care most about in the 2028 election?
Historically, presidential elections are won or lost on economic conditions - particularly cost of living, employment, and household finances. Beyond the economy, immigration, healthcare, and abortion have ranked among the top voter concerns in recent cycles and are widely expected to do so again in 2028.
How do Democrats and Republicans differ on the 2028 issues?
On most issues, the two parties offer distinct governing approaches. Democrats generally favor active government investment, expanded social programs, and stronger regulations; Republicans generally prioritize lower taxes, reduced federal spending, and market-led solutions. Each issue page below sets out both parties' positions in full.
Will abortion still be a major issue in the 2028 election?
Yes. Since the Supreme Court's 2022 Dobbs ruling returned abortion policy to the states, the issue has energized voters on both sides and has been decisive in multiple election cycles. The 2028 nominees are expected to define federal positions on abortion access and restrictions.
Where can I find where 2028 candidates stand on each issue?
Every one of the 20 issue pages linked below includes a candidate-positions section listing the leading Democratic and Republican contenders with links to their full profiles. You can also browse every candidate at /candidates or compare two candidates head-to-head at /matchups.

See also: Full 2028 candidate list · Democratic candidates · Republican candidates · Head-to-head matchups

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